Christoph Schlingensief (born 1960, died 2010) was a filmmaker, stage director and artist whose controversial work took a critical approach to taboo political topics primarily in German cultural history and society. Between 2004 and 2007, he staged Parsifal at the Bayreuth Festival, Bayreuth. In 2011, he was posthumously awarded the Golden Lion for the best national pavilion at the Venice Biennale, Venice. Recent exhibitions include: Christoph Schlingensief, KW Institute for Contemporary Art, Berlin, 2013; Christoph Schlingensief: Fear at the Core of Things, Gallery Nova, Zagreb, 2012 and BAK, basis voor actuele kunst, Utrecht, 2012; and Christoph Schlingensief, German Pavilion, 54th Venice Biennale, Venice, 2011. In 2010, Schlingensief founded the Opera Village in Burkina Faso. [Last updated 2017]